Wow, just saw this article about Google putting their data centers out to sea. It's a cute idea. You wouldn't want to put it into the Gulf of Mexico or any other hurricane prone area.
Advantages:
- No property taxes
- Free wave energy
- Carbon free computing
- Natural disasters (tsunami, hurricane, etc.)
- Environmental impact (could interfere with marine life)
- Hard to protect from the bad guys (pirates!)
- Difficult network connectivity (satellite or undersea cable)